A tiger walks the same worn groove along the edge of its exhibit like a broken record. A parrot methodically plucks out its ...

Across captive settings, nonhuman primates may develop an array of abnormal behaviors including stereotypic and self-injurious behavior. Abnormal behavior can indicate a state of poor welfare, since ...

Stress, the body's natural response to different types of challenges and daily problems, is an inherently harmless state ...