Andy recommends favorite resources for basic op amp circuits and includes a portion of TI's AN-20. Test your knowledge with our op amp quiz; answer explanations are included. By 1969, a fledgling ...

Article 409 provides the minimum safety requirements for industrial control panels (What's an Industrial Control Panel? below). Because this section of the Code is only a couple of pages long, it ...

Ladder logic uses switch or relay contacts to implement Boolean expressions. In years past, ladder logic was made possible with discrete relays and was sometimes termed “relay logic.” Today most ...

Impedance matching is easy if you know the basics. Download the eBook to find out how. The L-network is a real workhorse impedance-matching circuit (see “Back to Basics: Impedance Matching (Part 2)” ) ...

Directional-control valves are vital in any pneumatic circuit, directing or blocking airflow to control the speed or sequence of operations. One method of classifying directional-control valves is by ...