The battery as we know it today was an invention of Italian chemist and physicist Alessandro Volta. He witnessed electricity splitting water into its constituent elements of oxygen and hydrogen and ...

Mwale, L. and Nhlapo, B. (2026) High Voltage Direct Current (HVDC) Transmission Technology and DC Grids a Comprehensive ...

Fluxgate current sensors have emerged as a robust technology for the measurement of both alternating and direct currents, harnessing the non-linear magnetic characteristics of ferromagnetic materials.

To sense high dc currents, designers typically use shunt resistors or Hall-Effect-based current sensors. But shunt resistors are plagued by Joule (I2R) losses and the need to open the circuit where ...