This article will describe three types, or ways, of manufacturing a product; additive, subtractive, and forming. What is Additive Manufacturing? Think of an artist painting a bear on a canvas. What is ...

Orbital forming is a process that uses an angled forming tool (peen) that spins off center at a 3 to 6° angle to securely fasten an assembly. The tool progressively heads, swages, crowns, flares, or ...

Deformation processes transform solid materials from one shape into another. The initial shape is usually simple (e.g., a billet or sheet blank) and is plastically deformed between tools, or dies, to ...

Current projections call for a doubling of the commercial aircraft fleet over the next 20 years. To accommodate this, production rates in 2019 for composites-intensive widebody jetliners vary from 10 ...