All systems can be understood using an input-process-output (IPO) model, and the system we call “innovation” is no exception. This model is likely familiar to you from information technology and ...

Industrial control systems can be categorized in two types: open-loop and closed-loop systems. The open-loop control system is a continuous control system that provides no feedback from its output.

We use computers close computerA device that processes information by following a set of rules called a program., computing devices and computer systems close computer systemA series of connected ...

Teen Canteen is a catering project set up and run by a group of secondary students. Their business advisor shows them that to create the business output they want from their factors of production, ...