ACUTE renal failure in patients with multiple myeloma who have had intravenous urography has had increased emphasis over the last few years. 1–5 A direct cause- and-effect relation between the acute ...

IN the evaluation of patients with impairment of renal function it is often important to delineate the anatomic status of the urinary tract. For this purpose retrograde pyelography is customarily ...

This is an inspection of the bladder and the urethra using a cystoscope. There are two types of cystoscope: Rigid: A solid telescope which has a light and a separate channel to allow other instruments ...