Signal transduction is the fundamental process by which cells convert external cues into tailored intracellular responses. Through a cascade of molecular events—beginning at the cell membrane with the ...

The most diverse functions of a cell in the human body – from cell division and differentiation to motility and programmed cell death – are controlled by signaling proteins within the cell. This ...

Nitrogen signal transduction plays a pivotal role in maintaining cellular metabolic balance by integrating environmental cues and internal nutrient levels. At the heart of this coordination are PII ...