Abstract: An open-circuit voltage (OCV) model, which represents OCV as a function of state of charge (SOC), is essential for estimating the state of a battery. Typically, the OCV-SOC characteristic is ...
Abstract: The 0-1 Knapsack Problem (KP) and Bin Packing Problem (BPP) are NP-hard combinatorial optimization challenges often tackled using metaheuristics. Both problems have prominent utilization in ...
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