Genes encode proteins and proteins dictate cell function. Therefore, the thousands of genes expressed in a particular cell determine what that cell can do. Moreover, each step in the flow of ...

Expressing recombinant antibodies in mammalian cells is essential when post-translational alterations and proper folding are required for downstream applications. The most common problems of antibody ...

Trans men and nonbinary people with ovaries can experience menopause through testosterone therapy, surgical removal of ovaries, or natural aging. Testosterone decreases estrogen levels, which may ...