David Kindness is a Certified Public Accountant (CPA) and an expert in the fields of financial accounting, corporate and individual tax planning and preparation, and investing and retirement planning.

Most of us first hear about the irrational number π (pi)—rounded off as 3.14, with an infinite number of decimal digits—in ...

IRR calculates the return rate at which a project's net value totals zero. Using Excel's XIRR, FoolCo finds buying new machinery earns a higher IRR of 26.5%. IRR considerations exclude cash flow ...

Claire Boyte-White is the lead writer for NapkinFinance.com, co-author of I Am Net Worthy, and an Investopedia contributor. Claire's expertise lies in corporate finance & accounting, mutual funds, ...

NPV calculates profitability using all projected cash inflows and outflows, considering time value of money. A positive NPV suggests a profitable project; a negative NPV suggests a loss. NPV's ...

Of your many responsibilities as a small business owner, ensuring that your employees’ pay is calculated accurately ranks near the top of the list. That includes withholding the correct amounts for ...

If you're looking for investors or want to sell your business, you must determine its value. Follow these four steps to calculate it. Most entrepreneurs put their hearts into their businesses; but, ...

November 2025 is about to end in a few days, and as Microsoft does toward the end of every month, the company has published a round-up of all the new features it introduced in Excel during the past ...

APY APY stands for Annual Percentage Yield, which is the actual rate of return per year, including compound interest. The APY is typically the rate you'll see featured for the CD you're considering.